The Relationship Between Smoking Habits and the Incidence of Tuberculosis in the Service Area of the Ngariboyo Community Health Center

Abstract

Pulmonary tuberculosis remains a major public health problem in Indonesia, and smoking habits are 

recognized as one of the factors that increase the risk of infection by impairing the respiratory defense system. 

This study aimed to analyze the relationship between smoking habits and the incidence of pulmonary 

tuberculosis in the working area of Ngariboyo Public Health Center. An analytical observational study with a 

case-control design was conducted involving 76 respondents, consisting of 38 cases and 38 controls selected 

through simple random sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and medical record 

reviews and analyzed using the Chi-square test with a 95% confidence level. The results showed that most 

respondents in the case group had smoking habits (86.8%). Statistical analysis revealed a significant 

relationship between smoking habits and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (p < 0.001), with an Odds 

Ratio of 0.070 and a 95% Confidence Interval of 0.022–0.224. The study concludes that smoking habits are 

significantly associated with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the working area of Ngariboyo Public 

Health Center. Therefore, efforts to reduce smoking habits are expected to support tuberculosis control in the 

community