Influence of Physical Activity on Health Outcomes of HIV/AIDS Patients

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection remains a significant global health issue, despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) having improved patients’ life expectancy. This study is a systematic review aimed at evaluating the impact of physical activity on the health outcomes of HIV/AIDS patients. This systematic search was conducted on seven databases for publications from 2018 to 2025. The keywords in the search are "physical activity" AND “HIV/AIDS patient” AND “biomedical sign” OR CD4 OR “health outcomes and five studies met the inclusion criteria. The results show that physical activity with moderate to high intensity consistently increases the number of CD4 cells, improves the CD4/CD8 ratio, and reduces immune activation, as well as decreases the risk of comorbidities. The main conclusion states that physical activity is an effective non-pharmacological intervention and needs to be integrated into HIV care services continuously. These findings encourage the development of health policies that support community-based and digital physical interventions to improve the well-being of HIV/AIDS patients